Chelating agents are compounds that can form complexes with metal ions. They contain two or more ligands that react with the metal ions to form stable complexes. Chelating agents typically contain multiple quaternary ammonium groups, amino groups, and other functional groups, which can tightly encapsulate the metal ions within the molecule, reducing the catalytic activity of the metal ions and preventing their environmental impact.
They are widely used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food to adjust pH and promote stability.